Izinzuzo: Inikezwe ukusetyenziswa ngesinye esincinci sokugcina amathetho angaphandle kweentshonalanga ezinokuthi aziphumelele intemperethi enkulu, i-ribbon yezintsha emanqanawe kakhulu inceda ukungavamile neentshonalanga zakwesayensi zomodern ye-solar cells kunye nokugcina ukukhupha okanye umthakathelo ngelizwi lokusebenza lwenqanawe.
Amazwanyana: Angaze lizwe ngokubonisa ukugcwalisa kakhulu kwisehlobo sesayensi phakathi kwesintsha esingahluhluweyo kakhulu, okungaba apho lokhu kungabangela isibhedlela sasinye somnandi wesihlobo sesayensi.
Amalindlela Amacayishoni: Usetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kuhlanganiswa komphendulo we-silayoni heterojunction solar cells apho kufanele amathetho angaphandle kweentshonalanga.